Washer is a disc-shaped, flat piece of hardware, usually manufactured from metal, which is applied to spread the load of a fastener (such as a bolt, screw, or nut) across a wider surface area. They distribute the fastener load evenly, avoiding damage to the material as well as providing a stronger and more secure hold. Through minimizing friction as well as creating a smooth surface, washers avoid bolts, nuts, and screws getting damaged.